Sir Roger Penrose believes that the Universe was in Thermal Equilibrium in the very Beginning - state that can only be when the Universe has expanded, cooled and reaches that state in the future.

Sir Roger Penrose explains how Mass equals Frequency - Clocks require Mass and if there was no Mass then there was no TIME. So the Universe, when it expands and eventually there is only Radiation and no Mass, will have NO CLOCK (or No Time). Photons do not experience time.

Where does all the mass come from? Is it the Higgs Boson or something else? Fermilab explains How Einstein's Equation E=MC^2 might have to with How Particles get their Mass.

Geraint Lewis explains the Formation of First Stars and Galaxies approx. 1 Billion Years after the Big Bang. How Matter and Gravity formed our Galaxies, Stars and eventually Planets.

Geraint Lewis, explains how Matter will eventually end. Protons will decay after 10^32 years.

How Particles and Antiparticles create a Universe and an Anti-Universe. 4% of the Universe is matter and the is Dark Matter and Dark Energy. In the Anti-Universe, there may exist 86% of Ani-Matter.