How are sugars named (what is sugar #06)

First published at 15:28 UTC on July 15th, 2019.

The 2 extensive explanations of sugar nomenclature.

The Big Damn Post Of Carbohydrate-Related Chemistry Definitions
https://www.masterorganicchemistry.com/2018/02/19/the-big-damn-post-of-sugar-nomenclature/

NOMENCLATURE OF CARBOHYDRATES
https://old…

The 2 extensive explanations of sugar nomenclature.

The Big Damn Post Of Carbohydrate-Related Chemistry Definitions
https://www.masterorganicchemistry.com/2018/02/19/the-big-damn-post-of-sugar-nomenclature/

NOMENCLATURE OF CARBOHYDRATES
https://old.iupac.org/publications/pac/1996/pdf/6810x1919.pdf

Sugars are complex. There are entire areas of chemistry that focus on this. They are essential to many biological functions. The most obvious of which is as a source of energy from food.

You might know of sucrose as table sugar, fructose as fruit sugar and a few others. These names are a sample of the wider possible options. The many other options get tricky as the get longer, more complicated and varied.

There are trioses, pyranoses, furanoses and more that just tell you how many carbons are in the ring at the core of the molecule. Than there are other features like the side a particular part of the compounds is on. Than other possible ways to name a sugar come into play.

That is what this video is trying to split into smaller more easily understood parts. What is it that gives a sugar a particular name.

This is important as naming schemes have come and gone. These have left behind names that are similar to others but different in nature. This can create some confusion if you get used to this system and than encounter something that deviates.

The following are briefly described in the video:

01:34 Simple and complex sugars

02:22 aldehyde

02:36 ketone

02:51 alpha and beta

04:13 L and D sugar

06:21 Triose, furanose, pyranose

06:55 deoxy-ribose

07:40 amino sugar and glycosyl amines

08:22 glycoside

Relevant links:

Tutorial on How to Name Carbohydrates
http://www.chem.ucla.edu/~harding/ec_tutorials/tutorial55.pdf