The Propaganda Model | Part One: The Mass-Media Firms

In Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media (1988), Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky formulated the famous propaganda model. This model, in their words, "traces the routes by which money and power are able to filter out the news fit to print, marginalize dissent, and allow the government and dominant private interests to get their messages across to the public. The essential ingredients of our propaganda model, or set of news 'filters,' fall under the following headings:
1) the size, concentrated ownership, owner wealth, and profit orientation of the dominant mass-media firms.
2) advertising as the primary income source of the mass media.
3) the reliance of the media on information provided by government, business, and 'experts' funded and approved by these primary sources and agents of power.
4) 'flak' as a means of disciplining the media.
5) 'anticommunism' as a national religion and control mechanism. These elements interact with and reinforce one another."

This video addresses the first filter: the size, concentrated ownership, owner wealth, and profit orientation of the dominant mass-media firms. Here's a link to "The Propaganda Model in the 21st Century" by Joan Pedro-Carañana, which I cite in my video:

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/298935706_The_Propaganda_Model_in_the_Early_21st_Century_Part_I